ABSTRACT
In recent decade, phytoremediation technology is regarded very important because of its simplicity, inexpensiveness and use of natural resources and solar energy. In this study, we investigated the efficiency of remediation of contaminated soil with Lead and Cadmium by using native plants of Iran. We selected three native plants of Iran [Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retoflexus and Zea maize] for this study. Extraction of soil and plant samples was performed by use of HNO3 ,HCl and HNO3, HClO4 and H2SO4 respectively. Concentrations of Lead and Cadmium in soil and plants were determined by Perkin-Elmer 603 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Lead concentration in the roots of plants [Alkaline soil] was more than those in their shoots. In acidic soil [with exception of Zea maize], concentration of Lead in the shoots was more than its concentration in the roots of the plants. Concentrations of lead in the roots and shoots of Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranths and Zea maize in alkaline soil were [54.5 and 25.5 mg/kg], [69 and 37.6mg/kg] and [47 and 32mg/kg] respectively, and its respective concentrations in acidic soil were [71.4 and 92.5 mg/kg], [89 and 120.5mg/kg] and [85 and 66.7 mg/kg]. Cadmium concentrations in alkaline soil were [6.5 and 4mg/kg], [8 and 6.2 mg/kg] and [5.6 and 3.4 mg/kg] and in acidic soil were [5.8 and 4.5 mg/kg], [7.6 and 5.4mg/ kg] and [6 and 4.8 mg/kg] respectively. Plants in group 3 produced less biomass than those in control group, group 1 and group 2. Considering the increased rate of absorption of Lead and Cadmium and the amount of biomass produced by Zea maize and Amaranthus retoflexus in the acidic and alkaline soil, use of these native plants is recommended for refining the soil contaminated with heavy metals
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to achieve defense proteins. Indeed, it proposed that salicylic acid [SA] involved a number of defense mechanisms. The influence of SA application probably on changes in levels of protein extent of Dianthus shoots was investigated. Firstly, explants of cv. Cerise Royallette were cultured on OM medium with 0.2 mg. L-1 NAA, 0.5 mg. L-1 BAP, supplemented by 0, 10, 50, and 200 microM SA. After 4 weeks, growth of shoots were measured and then prepared extracts and performed Bradford test. These substances were tested with SDS-PAGE, to find the concentrations which caused changes in quality of proteins. Data analysis indicated that the most typical effect of SA treatment protein content of shoots was occurred. Indeed, treatment increased protein content considerably, however, it decreased the number of shoots. Analysis of the polypeptide pattern following SDS-PAGE showed that all tested SA changed the accumulation of both 38 and 39 kDa polypeptides that located very close to each others, and the level of their accumulation was found to be varied depending on the kind and intensity of the stressor. The data provide evidences that plant defense mechanisms might involve the same proteins in response to SA and may lead to induction or deletion of defense proteins changes